Subject Verb Agreement
Perubahan Subject-Verb Agreement (SVA) tidak terjadi di semua tenses. Aturan ini paling ketat di masa sekarang (Present), melonggar di masa lalu (Past), dan hilang di masa depan (Future).
1. Present
Perubahan terjadi pada Main Verb atau Auxiliary Verb.
| Tenses | Subjek Singular | Subjek Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | Main Verb ditambah -s/-es (He eats) | Main Verb bentuk dasar (They eat) |
| Present Continuous | Menggunakan is (She is walking) | Menggunakan are (They are walking) |
| Present Perfect | Menggunakan has (It has finished) | Menggunakan have (We have finished) |
2. Past
Dalam bentuk lampau, mayoritas kata kerja tidak peduli apakah subjeknya tunggal atau jamak, kecuali untuk kata kerja bantu "be".
- Past Simple (Regular/Irregular Verb): Tidak ada perubahan. Singular: He went.Plural: They went.
- Past Continuous & "Be": Mengalami perubahan SVA. Was: Untuk I, He, She, It, Singular Noun.Were: Untuk You, They, We, Plural Nouns.
3. Future
Masa depan adalah area "bebas hambatan". Semua subjek diperlakukan sama.
- Will / Shall: Tidak berubah. (He will go / They will go).
- Modals (Can, Must, Should, May): Tidak berubah. (She can swim / We can swim)
Subjek lainnya yang perlu diperhatikan
1. Menggunakan subjek tunggal (dengan tambahan s)
One, each, every, either, neither, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, nothing, someone, anyone, none
Contoh:
- Someone is knocking at the door
- Anything on the table was gone
- Anyone in my class eats pizza
2. Menggunakan verb jamak (tanpa tambahan s)
- Both …. and ….
- ….. and ….
- Few, many, several, both, various
Contoh:
- Both education and health play an essential role to improve life quality
- Several cars were bought by my father
3. Verb tunggal/jamak (tergantung subjek yang ditulis di belakang)
- Not only …. but also ….
- Either …. or ….
- Neither …. nor ….
- …. or ….
- …. nor ….
Contoh:
- Not only my father but also my brothers like swimming
- Either my brothers or my father likes swimming
4. Verb tunggal/jamak tergantung noun yang mengikut kata kata tersebut
- Any
- Half
- Some
- Most
- More
- All
- Majority of
- No
Contoh:
- Some people are killed
- Some water is/are ready for the test
5. Tergantung type of noun (countable/uncountable)
- The number of + noun jamak (countable)→ Verb tunggal (dengan ‘s’)
- A number of + Noun jamak (uncountable)→ Verb jamak (tanpa ‘s’)
Contoh:
- The number of students inclines significantly.
- A number of unemployment rise during crisis.
6. Ada (There are/There is)
Tergantung Noun seteah is/are tersebut.
Contoh:
- There are many beautiful girls in the party.
- There is an opportunity to make an AI course.
